This article appearing in the October 1972 issue of The National Board Examiner provides an overview of actions and steps taken by the National Board of Medical Examiners to produce a "national program to certify assistants to the primary care...
1971 informational pamphlet distributed by Duke University PA Program to potential candidates for admissions. The pamphlet provides brief history of program, efforts to define PA professional role, the curriculum, professional mobility, admission...
This brochure published by the American Academy of Physicians' Associates in 1972 provides information about the history, goals and mission of the Academy while it was still based in North Carolina. The reason for the name change from "assistant"...
Minutes of subcommittee to draft essentials for an approved educational program for physician's assistants held in Chicago, IL on August 3-4, 1971 by the AMA's Council on Medical Education. A list of representatives is provided along with copy of...
Internal memorandum written by Colonel Nicholas C. Nicholas, USAF on October 31, 1972 listing actions accomplished, meeting scheduled and planning and coordination needing to be accomplished (with dates) to prepare for the Physician Assistant...
A manuscript written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 and submitted to Dr. Thomas Kinney, Director of Medical Education at Duke University, outlining a plan to combine private and public sector funds to provide upper career mobility for...
News release by the National Board of Medical Examiners on August 6, 1972 announcing need to "determine the best way of developing nationally valid certifying examinations that will ensure the orderly development of the concept of the assistant to...
Letter from Paul F. Palace, Executive Director, American Association of Physician Assistants announcing formation of the organization and requesting distribution of enclosed preprinted brochure and posting of flyer (poster) on hospital bulletin...
Duke University Medical Center newsletter containing cartoon, photograph and article about Dick Moores publicizing physician's assistant programs in his comic strip, Gasoline Alley. The main characters in the comic strip, the Wallets, have a son,...
Newspaper article appearing in the Hospital Tribune on November 1, 1971 stating that "Medex, specially trained assistants, have increased the doctor's capacity to provide patient care by more than 50% according to Dr. Richard A. Smith, Associate...
This news release dated December 15, 1968 states that "two of the nation's larger philanthropic foundations, Carnegie Corporation of new York and the Commonwealth Fund" will fund "an experimental program to prepare a wholly new type of...
This letter dated April 9, 1968 from Frank Goldsmith, Assistant Director for Special Staff Services, Office of Program Planning and Evaluation, Bureau of Health Services, DHEW, to Dr. William J. DeMaria at Duke University Medical Center, announces...
This packet contains a letter from Dr. E.W. Furgurson, general practitioner, Plymouth, North Carolina, to Dr. W.C. Davison, with minutes from the November 18, 1967 conference continuing discussion on how to solve the plight of small communities'...
This letter from Dr. William Anlyan to Mr. Rufus H. Powell, III dated September 1, 1970 supports the establishment of the Bachelor of Health Sciences degree as proposed by "an ad hoc interschool committee with representatives from the School of...
This report on legal issues for physician assistants was presented by E. Harvey Estes, Jr. to the Health Advisory Committee of Duke University Medical Center on January 5, 1972. It describes the liability dangers faced by both the physician and...
This memorandum dated January 28, 1972 was sent by Stuart M. Sessions, Office of the Director, Duke Hospital to members of the hospitals advisory committee indicating that Dr. Estes and Dr. Ball "have developed a position description for the...
Guidelines distributed by the Hospital Association of New York State to hospital administrators who expect to utilize physician associates employed either by private physicians using their hospitals or by the hospital itself based on recent state...
A monograph (white paper) released by the AMA Council on Health Manpower answering questions about the utilization of physician assistants. The paper describes the AMA's support of the development of education standards and national certification...
Letters written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1970 answering a variety of questions about the physician's assistant concept. The letters are as follows:(1) Stead to Duffy dated April 23, 1970 commenting on a draft bill for licensure of...
Letters written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 answering a variety of questions about the physician's assistant concept. The letters are as follows:(1) Stead reply to Zahn dated January 31, 1969 indicating that he feels "the ceiling placed on...
Letter from Stephen Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, to D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA program, thanking him for considering financial support for him and Dick Scheele [correct spelling Scheele] to attend and display at the...
Letter from D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA program to Stephen L. Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, regarding providing financial support for him and Dick Scheele to attend and display at the North Carolina Medical Society...
A series of letters between D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University Physician Assistant program, and Dick Moores, cartoonist of the Gasoline Alley comic strip between September 1971 and April 1972 discussing Chipper, an ex-military...
Cartoon drawing by Dick Moores showing Chipper Wallet discussing the PA program with Doc that appeared on front page of Intercom, the employee newsletter for Duke University Medical Center. An accompanying article indicates that the PA segment of...
This June 22, 1972 letter from Dr. Howard to Dr. John Blackburn, Chancellor of Duke University, provides information about the current status of the PA Program including a long range funding plan (attachment I). "The establishment of a revolving...
News Report contained in a 1970 edition of Clinical Insights in Medicine listing "thirteen programs now operation - nine specialist and four generalist [programs]". A one line description with title used by graduate is provided for each program.
Attached to this letter is a proposal which outlines the requirements for the Bachelor of Health Sciences degree that would be awarded to candidates participating in the PA program.
This letter was written by Thomas Godkins, president of the American Academy of Physicians' Associates (AAPA), on September 25, 1972 to Burt E. Lanpher of the National Association of Physicians' Assistants (NAPA). The letter supports the concerns...
This one page article with photo of Duke University physician's assistants in training appeared in the US News & World Report on September 8, 1969. The article begins "You may one day find your doctor less harried, able to give you more time....
This report was prepared by the Office of Assistant Secretary for Health and Scientific Affairs, DHEW to send to Congress in June 1971. The 1970 Public Health Service Act (Sec. 799A) required the Secretary to submit a report "identifying the major...
Dr. Howard's letter to Dr. Stead on January 26, 1971 providing "data regarding the salaries and location of graduates, and also the offered starting salaries and distribution of the job offerings we have on hand." The salaries reported for 42...
This document summarizes two compromise proposals submitted by Dr. Estes to Dr. Kinney re the BHS degree. The proposals are: (1) only admit qualified candidates, or (2) admit both qualified and non-qualified candidates for the BHS degree. Dr....
This is a revised draft copy of manuscript describing the Rougemont and Bragtown community health care projects developed by the Department of Community Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center. The objectives and plan are outlined...
This memorandum has an attachment that outlines the organizational structure of the Bragtown/Rougemont community health projects. The responsibilities of the physician's assistants are provided. Joyce Nichols and Prentiss Harrison,...
Memorandum from D. Robert Howard, director, to David E. Lewis, associate director of the Duke University PA Program providing information about the newly established Insurance Rating Board Code 9711 allowing PAs and surgeon assistants to purchase...
NC state code sheet classifying physician or surgeon assistants as class 8, code 9711 of the Insurance Rating Board. Insurance carriers used this code to provide liability insurance coverage to physician assistants or their employing physicians or...
Correspondence between Gregory Gilreath, President of the American College of Physicians Assistants (formerly known as the Midwest Association of Physician Assistants) explaining the purpose and aims of the College, meetings with the AMA, growth...
Letter written by Dr. D. Robert Howard, Director of Duke University Physician Assistant program, to Harry Reasoner and Mike Wallace, CBS reporters on 60 Minutes requesting a visit by 60 Minutes to explore educating ex-military corpsmen to address...
Minutes from the American Registry of Physicians' Associates Board of Directors' meeting held on September 15, 1972 at the Hilton Inn (airport), Atlanta, GA. At this meeting a formal vote was taken to "form a new umbrella association" to be known...
Bob Howard's letter to Jerry Bredouw congratulating him on "the very fine job you did with the recent episode of 'The Bold Ones' that gave the physician's assistant concept some much-needed publicity." Also, he mentions his gratitude for "getting...
A typed copy of NC General Assembly House Bill 890 and Senate Bill 554 entitled An Act to Make an Exception to the Medical Practice Act Relative to Assistants to Physicians that was enacted July 12, 1971. The act was a direct outcome of draft...
Drawing accompanying letter and application sent to the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, DC requesting registration of the mark "Registered Physicians' Associate" and the appropriate insignia. (Fee was $35)
Application accompanying letter and drawing sent to the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, DC requesting registration of the mark "Registered Physicians' Associate" and the appropriate insignia. (Fee was $35)
A letter and attached agreement dated November 4, 1969 indicates that the Upjohn Company of Kalamazoo, Michigan will provide a grant to Duke University of $50,000 per year to be renewed on a yearly basis at the discretion of Upjohn and review of...
These are the proceedings of a two-day conference [Second Duke Conference] held on October 26, 1969. Held at the Hilton Inn in Durham, the conference focused upon the legal status of physician's assistants. At the outset of the conference, five...
This memorandum was sent July 31, 1970 to members of the Duke PA Program Advisory Council by Dr. Howard, proposing a tentative agenda for the September meeting. The issues or topics to be discussed included a report on the legal study and proposed...
An announcement issued by the United States Civil Service Commission, Bureau of Recruiting and Examining, in March 1971 providing information on availability of Physician's Assistant jobs within the Federal Government. The announcement states that...
Paper presented on June 17, 1972 by John R. Ball, MD, JD, director of legal affairs, Duke University Physician's Associate Program, at the American Medical Association Symposium on Distribution of Health Manpower, San Francisco. The paper...
Correspondence from Martha Ballenger, legal assistant attached to Duke University PA Program, asking Mr. Lippe for list of insurance companies that are members of the Board so that she could contact them regarding demand for PA liability coverage,...
Secretary's Newsletter written by William Stanhope and distributed to members of the American Academy of Physician's Associates. This appears to be one of many similar newsletters written by Mr. Stanhope during his tenure as secretary of the AAPA...
Summary report of a survey of insurance liability carriers to determine guidelines that they had established for providing coverage for PAs and their employing physicians or institutions. A brief history of attempts to gain liability is provided....
A report (white paper) that contrast the education and utilization of Physician Associates (Duke Educational Model) and Medex (University of Washington Educational Model). Contains a list of Medex and PA Programs and list of Duke PA graduates and...
Series of correspondence began by Dr. Walter Bornemeier, President of the AMA, on November 17, 1970 thanking Dr. Stead for opportunity to attend Duke's Third National Conference on PAs and noting Dr. Stead's discontent with AMA's slow progress in...
This workbook contains an agenda and materials for a meeting of the Task Force to Draft Essentials of an Approved Educational Program for Physician's Assistants held at the Ambassador West Hotel in Chicago, IL on Friday, May 21, 1971. The meeting...
Cover of the first issue (Vol.1, no. 1) of the official journal of the American Association of Physicians' Assistants published quarterly by Charles B. Slack, Inc., Thorofare, NJ. The aim of the Journal was to "foster good will and unity of...
Article from the American Medical Association information bulletin January 1972, describing the development of accreditation essentials for different types of physician assistants being trained at different levels of responsibility across a wide...
This certificate dated 2 September 1970 was issued to Charles C. Lewis in recognition of his becoming a charter member of the "Stead Society" at Duke University Medical Center. The PA student organization was founded in 1972. Gary G. Phelps was...
Approved by the American Hospital Association on November 17-19, 1971, this 2 page document states that there should be only one organized medical stall in a hospital, governed by a single set of bylaws. "Health professionals involved in medical...
This January 22, 1971 issue of Intercom, Duke University Medical Center, contains an article titled "Duke to Offer Bachelor's Degree in Several Health Sciences Fields. The article describes the need for professionally trained health care workers...
This 1966 description of the Duke PA Program was distributed to potential applicants to explain the concept, pre-requisites, curriculum and policies of the program. No salary range could be offered since no one had graduated from the program at...
Summary report of a conference held at Duke University on March 31 and April 1, 1968 to discuss ethical and legal implications of introducing new health practitioners, using physician assistants as an example, into the American health care...
Cover letter from Suzanne Greenberg, Secretary-Treasurer of the American Registry of Physicians' Associates with accompanying minutes of the September 15, 1972, Board of Director's meeting in which a vote was taken to formally establish a new...
This March 1972 issue of the Federal Bulletin published by the Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States contains an editorial by Ray Casterline, MD, titled "The Physician's Assistant: Must Ostrichism Continue to Prevail?" and...
This memorandum dated July 30, 1970 was sent to Dr. Thomas Kinney at Duke University by Dr. Walter Rice, Acting Secretary, Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) requesting Kinney "to serve on the newly created Task Force on Physician's...
This memorandum dated August 1, 1972 by Dr. Estes and copied to Dr. Kinney [memo-o-gram] describes meeting held in Dr. Anlyan's office on same day to work out details about the DHEW contract and other related matters. Dr. Estes opposes earlier...
Memorandum written in 1969 by John Laszlo, MD, Chief of Staff, Durham Veterans Administration Hospital, to Chief of Medical Services indicating that a request had been received from Mrs. Andreoli to "introduce her students from the Physician's...
Paper drafted by Dr. D. Robert Howard at Duke University in 1972 providing background and reasons for changing the title of certain PA programs and graduates from "assistant" to "associate." He mentions the classification of PAs by education and...
A report from the American Medical Association listing AMA approved educational programs for (1) the assistant to the primary care physician, (2) the orthopedic physician's assistant and (3) the urologic physician's assistant. The report contains...
According to cover letter dated July 26, 1967 from Harry Becker, this attached transcript is from a panel discussion on which Dr. Stead participated at "our last spring's health conference." Dr. Stead is asked to edit his comments for publication....
Series of letters between Dr. Eugene Stead and Mr. Matthew R. Kinde, director of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation during winter and spring 1966. Dr. Stead writes to Dr. Emory W. Morris on January 7, 1966 to describe the PA program and "to determine if...
In his letter dated January 26, 1971 to Dr. Louis deS. Shaffner, President of the NC Medical Society, Dr. Bob Howard explains why an ex-chiropractor has been enrolled in the PA Program at Duke as an "experiment." He writes that "We realized at the...
Memo and letter sent to D. Robert Howard at Duke University from Jerry Bredouw to Dick Moores following up on earlier correspondence trying to interest Mr. Moores in having Chipper, a character in Gasoline Alley, become a PA. He elaborates on the...
Insert placed in Action Kit for Hospital Law describing legal implications of use of physician assistants in hospitals. This is first installment of a two part series. The article's subheadings are: Who are They; Legislation; The Ultimate Hazard:...
Table of contents from the first issue (Vol.1, no. 1) of Physician's Associate, 1971, the official journal of the American Association of Physicians' Assistants published quarterly by Charles B. Slack, Inc., Thorofare, NJ.
Cover letter sent to the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, DC requesting registration of the mark "Registered Physicians' Associate" and the appropriate insignia. (Fee was $35)
Godkins communicates his belief to Snell that the American College of Physicians' Assistants has intentionally tried to deceive its members, saying "You must realize, however, that your letter has put the merger in a precarious position".
Minutes of the Task Force on Physician's Assistant Programs of the AMA and AAMC Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) that met at the Palmer House Hotel, Chicago, IL on February 11, 1971. The committee accepted the National Academy of...
This manuscript announces the [Duke University] Department of Community Health Sciences being awarded a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation in order to establish and study a different form of health care delivery to an indigent population...
Memorandum dated July 12, 1971 from D. Robert Howard, MD to all concerned indicating that he and Dr. Richard Smith, Director of Medex Programs had "met at great length to discuss the curriculum and other elements concerning the essentials for the...
Pamphlet produced in 1972 by the Department of Community Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, to provide individuals information about how hospitals and physicians can use physician's associates to delivery health care services in...
Dr. Harvey Estes, chair of Dept. of Community and Family Medicine, writes January 19, 1970 to Dr. Barnes Woodhall, Chancellor of Duke University, to request that he send letters of support to the Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Corporation and...
A paper written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 indicating that the planners of the Duke PA program had intentionally "avoided a detailed job description because we have proceeded with the program without any provision for licensing the...
A 1971 progress report written by Dr. Malcolm Todd, Chairman of the AMA's Council on Health Manpower to "report the progress that has been made by our Council on Health Manpower in working closely with medical specialty societies in the...
First by-laws adopted and revised at the first formal meeting of the Association of Physician Assistant Programs held November 10, 1972 at George Washington University, Washington, DC and mailed to member programs by Susan Greenberg, APAP...
This article written in 1971 by J. Kadish of the AMA and JW Long of the NIH was intended to update physicians about the PA movement. The authors provide a history of use of non-physician personnel to deliver health care services (feldshers,...
The purpose of this workbook was "to establish a frame of reference for evaluation of emerging health occupations (loosely categorized as 'physician's assistants' within the format of Guidelines for Development of New Health Occupations." The...
Article taken from Health Services and Mental Health Administration Health Reports. March 1971;86 (no. 3):195-201, describing the history, organization, method of selecting candidates, course of study and overall evaluation of the Marine PA...
Early article appearing in Roche Medical Image [magazine] describing role of physician assistant. The article features Craig Bruno a graduate of the Duke University PA program who is the first PA hired on a one-year trial basis at a community...
Article publicizes the use of physician's assistants to address America's shortage of skilled health personnel based upon a meeting held in Durham, NC on Friday 13th, November, 1970 [i.e., the Third Duke Conference]. The article highlights...
Hastings K. Wright of the Yale School of Medicine is petitioned to join the American Association of Physicians Assistants advisory board in this letter.
This brief note written on November 3, 1969 by Dr. David Sabiston, Professor and Chair of Surgery at Duke University, thanks Dr. Anlyan for resolving the Physician's Assistant pay scales at the Medical Center.
In this letter, Godkins turns down a request made by Burt Lanpher and the National Association of Physicians' Assistants for a formal merger between the AAPA and NAPA.
This is a series of letters written by Dr. Davison, former Dean of the Duke University Medical School, discussing the legal and professional liability issues involved in using medical students as externs. Dr. Davison has employed medical students...