These are minutes of an Ad Hoc Committee established by Dr. William Anlyan, Dean of the Duke University Medical School, to review and make recommendations for the Physician's Assistant Program being developed at the Medical Center. The Committee...
This letter from James (Jim) Mau to Dr. William Anlyan contains correspondence between Dr. Eugene A. Stead and Dr. John Z. Bowers, President of the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation. In his initial letter dated March 11, 1966 to Bowers, Stead relates...
Letter from neurosurgeon Dr. George Stevenson, dated September 7, 1966 asking Dr. Stead to respond in writing about his (Dr. Stead's) "feelings about the moral, ethical and legal utilization of these people in medical centers?" Dr. Stevenson...
In this letter dated January 11, 1966, University Counsel, E. C. Bryson, informs Charles Frenzel at Duke that "the question has been raised as to whether the administration of medications by these (PA) assistants would be in violation of the...
This is a request from William G. Anlyan to several individuals asking them to be part of an ad hoc committee "to explore the possible types of models of physicians' assistants who may be trained in this Medical Center".
This 1966 description of the Duke PA Program was distributed to potential applicants to explain the concept, pre-requisites, curriculum and policies of the program. No salary range could be offered since no one had graduated from the program at...
Series of letters between Dr. Eugene Stead and Mr. Matthew R. Kinde, director of the W.K. Kellogg Foundation during winter and spring 1966. Dr. Stead writes to Dr. Emory W. Morris on January 7, 1966 to describe the PA program and "to determine if...
This letter dated September 30, 1966 from Dr. Bowers, President of the Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, to Dr. William Anlyan, Dean, School of Medicine at Duke University, states that the Board of Directors of the Foundation at its September 23, 1966...
This letter from Dr. William Anlyan, Dean, School of Medicine, Duke University, dated February 1, 1966 requests eleven individuals to serve on an ad hoc committee to "explore the possible types of models of physicians' assistants who may be...
This May 15, 1967 issue of Medical Economics contains an editorial followed by three articles on the topic of using nondoctors to do doctors work. The editorial written, by Senior Editor Paul W. Kellam, begins "They're thinking big in Washington...
Memorandum from Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. dated September 8, 1967 to Dr. William Anlyan (Vice President of Duke University for Medical Affairs) stating that "effective this date, Dr. E. Harvey Estes is assuming responsibility (which, up to now, has...
Letters written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1967 answering a variety of questions about the physician's assistant concept. The letters are as follows: (1) Stead to Burgen dated January 6, 1967 providing a 2-page description of PA duties and...
This packet contains letters beginning in October 1967 and minutes dated September 9, 1967 of a distinguished panel formed at the request of Dr. E.W. Furgurson, general practitioner, Plymouth, North Carolina, to discuss and propose solutions faced...
Letter from Dr. George Stevenson thanking Dr. Eugene Stead for traveling to Redding for "purpose of aiding the paramedical technician endeavor." Dr. Stevenson is referring to a trial that involved his right as a neurosurgeon to use a...
This packet contains a letter from Dr. E.W. Furgurson, general practitioner, Plymouth, North Carolina, to Dr. W.C. Davison, with minutes from the November 18, 1967 conference continuing discussion on how to solve the plight of small communities'...
According to cover letter dated July 26, 1967 from Harry Becker, this attached transcript is from a panel discussion on which Dr. Stead participated at "our last spring's health conference." Dr. Stead is asked to edit his comments for publication....
This letter dated November 23, 1967 is from Dr. Ernest W. Furgurson to Dr. W.C. Davison, former Dean, School of Medicine, Duke University, thanking Dr. Davison for helping to form a panel to discuss the plight of physicians in the small...
In his May 28, 1968 letter, Dr. Theodore Scurletis, North Carolina State Board of Health, asked Dr. Jay Arena, Professor of Pediatrics, Duke University, to review a paper that he has drafted to present on June 6. Dr. Arena responds "Your comments...
Article that appeared in the New Physician June 1968: A-18-A-19, describing the first three graduates of the Duke University Physician's Assistant Program. The article describes the curriculum and the backgrounds of the first three graduates:...
Photograph from Roche Medical Image magazine, August, 1968 depicting Mr. Craig Bruno, physician assistant, completing a pre-employment physical for pulp mill worker in Plymouth, NC. Mr. Bruno is drawing blood from patient's arm.
This series of correspondence occurred between March 26 and May 28, 1968. The exchange of letters is to arrange a meeting between public health leaders at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill and Duke University with Dr. Loretta...
In this July 1968 memorandum to chapter chairs, James B. Gillespie, Secretary for Chapters, American Academy of Pediatrics, discusses Dr. John Connelly's program in Boston to train nurses in the child health field. He mentions the development of...
Program from the October 28-29 PA conference at the Statler Hilton Inn in Durham, NC. Speakers include D. Robert Howard, E. Harvey Estes, Henry Weitz, Louis R. Pondy, Richard O. Cannon, Bill Stanhope, and Charles L. Hudson.
This one page abstract describes plans to train a pediatric assistant at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine in Winston Salem, NC, in 1968. The training would include 2 years of college and 2 years in the special program including 1 year of...
This news release dated December 15, 1968 states that "two of the nation's larger philanthropic foundations, Carnegie Corporation of new York and the Commonwealth Fund" will fund "an experimental program to prepare a wholly new type of...
This letter dated April 9, 1968 from Frank Goldsmith, Assistant Director for Special Staff Services, Office of Program Planning and Evaluation, Bureau of Health Services, DHEW, to Dr. William J. DeMaria at Duke University Medical Center, announces...
Summary report of a conference held at Duke University on March 31 and April 1, 1968 to discuss ethical and legal implications of introducing new health practitioners, using physician assistants as an example, into the American health care...
In his October 3, 1968 letter to Dr. William Anlyan, Dean of the Medical School, Dr. D. Robert Howard indicates that the AMA Council on Medical Education will not be sponsoring the conference scheduled for October 28-29 at Duke University. However...
Early article appearing in Roche Medical Image [magazine] describing role of physician assistant. The article features Craig Bruno a graduate of the Duke University PA program who is the first PA hired on a one-year trial basis at a community...
This is a series of letters written by Dr. Davison, former Dean of the Duke University Medical School, discussing the legal and professional liability issues involved in using medical students as externs. Dr. Davison has employed medical students...
Dr. Davison, former Dean of the Duke University Medical School, sent E. Harvey Estes, Jr. this letter in 1968 with a clipping from Newsweek Magazine about an individual who had masqueraded as a physician in small town in Texas. When asked many of...
This draft paper was authored by Dr. William DeMaria, Assistant Dean, Duke University Medical School. Dr. DeMaria chaired a Subcommittee on the Physician and His Associates in Health for the Bureau of Health Services, DHEW in 1968. Since the paper...
This packet of materials provides an overview of the PA curriculum that was in place in 1968 at Duke University. The curriculum was developed under the "guidance of an Ad Hoc Committee appointed by the Vice Provost." The twenty-four month...
This memorandum from Dr. E. Harvey Estes to Dr. Thomas Kinney at Duke University dated September 29, 1969 request that the physician's assistant curriculum be upgraded to the Bachelor of Health Sciences degree. Dr. Estes provides the rationale and...
In this letter, Ferrell recalls how "someone at the Conference at the Statler Hilton last October asked about a 'no strike clause' ". He opines that the Ethics Committee, of which he is the chair, should add a section to the code of ethics...
Correspondence between James C. Mau, first administrator for Duke University PA Program, and D. Robert Howard, first program director of Duke University PA program, discussing honoring Buddy Treadwell at some upcoming event at Duke and inviting...
This news release was prepared by Joe Sigler, Medical Public Relation Director, Duke University for distribution to newspapers on December 21, 1969. The article describes the rapid growth of the PA Program at Duke and the growing interest in the...
This is the first formal bulletin printed for the Duke University Physician's Assistant Program in 1969 by the Department of Community Health Sciences. The bulletin list the current administration, core faculty and teaching faculty for academic...
A manuscript written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 and submitted to Dr. Thomas Kinney, Director of Medical Education at Duke University, describing his philosophy about the undergraduate and graduate education of physicians and their newest...
A paper delivered by Warren Ball, Assistant Director, Dept. of Allied Medical Professions and Services, American Medical Association to the Association of Military Surgeons Annual Meeting, held in Washington, DC on November 17, 1969. The author...
Letter dated September 24, 1969 from Dr. Estes to Dr. Kinney at Duke indicating that a conference [the second Duke conference] would be held on the 26th of October to "discuss the various alternate ways of handling problems of defining the legal...
This document released in July 1969 describes action taken by the American Medical Association House of Delegates on medical staff membership of allied health professionals in hospitals. The adopted statement was to be disseminated to "all...
This letter dated April 18, 1969 from David Sabiston, Jr., MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, describes to Dr. Frank Longino the experience of hiring and using a PA in the department: "About two months...
Correspondence from Bob Jones, associate editor of Army Times Publishing Company, to D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA Program, indicating that Dr. Howard's article, "Doctors' assistants on rise" was published in an educational...
A manuscript written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 and submitted to Dr. Thomas Kinney, Director of Medical Education at Duke University, outlining a plan to combine private and public sector funds to provide upper career mobility for...
Letters written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 answering a variety of questions about the physician's assistant concept. The letters are as follows:(1) Stead reply to Zahn dated January 31, 1969 indicating that he feels "the ceiling placed on...
This one page article with photo of Duke University physician's assistants in training appeared in the US News & World Report on September 8, 1969. The article begins "You may one day find your doctor less harried, able to give you more time....
Letter written by Dr. D. Robert Howard, Director of Duke University Physician Assistant program, to Harry Reasoner and Mike Wallace, CBS reporters on 60 Minutes requesting a visit by 60 Minutes to explore educating ex-military corpsmen to address...
A letter and attached agreement dated November 4, 1969 indicates that the Upjohn Company of Kalamazoo, Michigan will provide a grant to Duke University of $50,000 per year to be renewed on a yearly basis at the discretion of Upjohn and review of...
These are the proceedings of a two-day conference [Second Duke Conference] held on October 26, 1969. Held at the Hilton Inn in Durham, the conference focused upon the legal status of physician's assistants. At the outset of the conference, five...
Memorandum written in 1969 by John Laszlo, MD, Chief of Staff, Durham Veterans Administration Hospital, to Chief of Medical Services indicating that a request had been received from Mrs. Andreoli to "introduce her students from the Physician's...
A paper written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1969 indicating that the planners of the Duke PA program had intentionally "avoided a detailed job description because we have proceeded with the program without any provision for licensing the...
James L Lippe of the Insurance Rating Board response to D. Robert Howard, PA program director at Duke University stating that a meeting of their Professional Liability Committee was forthcoming and that Dr. Howard's request to establish a...
This brief note written on November 3, 1969 by Dr. David Sabiston, Professor and Chair of Surgery at Duke University, thanks Dr. Anlyan for resolving the Physician's Assistant pay scales at the Medical Center.
This letter from Dr. Harvey Estes to Dr. Anlyan and other administrators at Duke classifies PAs into two groups: I & II based upon experience. The salary range is projected at $6,843 to $7,883 per annum for newly graduated PAs and at $7,675 to...
This position paper produced by the Association of the North Carolina Regional Medical Program in 1969 provides background information about the growing crisis in health manpower during the 1950's, national and state health manpower statistics,...
Memorandum sent by James C. Mau, Administrative Director, Duke PA Program, in 1969 to Section Chiefs in Department of Medicine reminding them that they need to begin recruiting new PA graduates early if they wanted to hire them. He states that the...
Proceedings of a meeting held at Pitt County Memorial Hospital, Greenville, NC in 1969 to introduce the PA concept to Board of Trustees, the Executive Committee of the Medical Staff, representatives of the Bylaws Subcommittee, the hospital's legal...
Covers from three bulletins describing the Physician's Assistant Program at Duke University. The bulletins are for academic years 1969-70, 1970-71 and 1971-72. The bulletins contain photographs of early students and graduates.
The Washington Hospital Center proposed to expand its cardiovascular technician program into a physician's assistant program and sent a proposal for funding to the Metropolitan Washington Regional Medical Program. The proposal raised many...
Program for the Third Annual Duke Conference on Physician's Assistants held at the Durham Hotel, Durham, NC on November 12 and 13, 1970. Workshops focused on: legal, education, research and evaluation, administration and application (utilization...
Letter from Stephen L. Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, to D. Robert Howard, Director of Duke University PA program, informing him that the North Carolina Medical Society had approved the AAPA application to exhibit at upcoming meeting. An...
Correspondence between Eugene A. Stead, Jr. and Karl E. Krill, Dean, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI in November and December 1970 describing an objective method of comparing the diagnostic capabilities of non-physicians. Dean Krill...
This article written by Frank Riddick, Jr. MD, chairman of the ASIM's Allied Health Professionals Committee, appeared in the October issue of The Internist published by the American Society of Internal Medicine. Dr. Riddick states that legislation...
This AMA feature appeared in the September 14, 1970 issue of JAMA and summarizes a recent speech made by Walter C. Bornemeier, MD, president of the AMA, stating importance of "establishing training facilities now for medical [physician's]...
Jerry Bredouw's response to D. Robert Howard thanking him for responding to "my efforts on the recent Bold Ones." He mentions response to the episode and support of Joe Donovan at the Santa Clara Medical Society who helped pass California Law 2109...
In his December 10, 1970 letter to Drs. Bulger, Kinney and Anlyan at Duke University, Dr. D. Robert Howard proposes to change the name of the Duke PA Program from "assistant" to "associate" to "differentiate the professional type of physician's...
Photograph of Duke PA students in a classroom setting at the Medical Center in 1970 that appeared in Medical Group News, December 1970 article on physician assistants. The photograph depicts students in a small conference room being taught...
Letter from Stephen Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, to D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA Program, thanking him for financial support to attend and display at the NC Medical Society Annual Meeting in Pinehurst, NC in May 1970....
Article written by Dr. D. Robert Howard, MD that appeared in Times Educational Supplement, March 11, 1970. The supplement appeared in three US Military "Times" newspapers to introduce veterans, especially corpsmen, to the PA education program at...
This February 1970 article appeared in the Medical Green Sheet, news of socio-economic medicine, as a special feature of the Wisconsin Medical Journal.
This letter from Dr. William Anlyan to Mr. Rufus H. Powell, III dated September 1, 1970 supports the establishment of the Bachelor of Health Sciences degree as proposed by "an ad hoc interschool committee with representatives from the School of...
Letters written by Dr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr. in 1970 answering a variety of questions about the physician's assistant concept. The letters are as follows:(1) Stead to Duffy dated April 23, 1970 commenting on a draft bill for licensure of...
Letter from Stephen Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, to D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA program, thanking him for considering financial support for him and Dick Scheele [correct spelling Scheele] to attend and display at the...
Letter from D. Robert Howard, Director of the Duke University PA program to Stephen L. Joyner, AAPA Board of Directors, regarding providing financial support for him and Dick Scheele to attend and display at the North Carolina Medical Society...
News Report contained in a 1970 edition of Clinical Insights in Medicine listing "thirteen programs now operation - nine specialist and four generalist [programs]". A one line description with title used by graduate is provided for each program.
NC state code sheet classifying physician or surgeon assistants as class 8, code 9711 of the Insurance Rating Board. Insurance carriers used this code to provide liability insurance coverage to physician assistants or their employing physicians or...
Bob Howard's letter to Jerry Bredouw congratulating him on "the very fine job you did with the recent episode of 'The Bold Ones' that gave the physician's assistant concept some much-needed publicity." Also, he mentions his gratitude for "getting...
This memorandum was sent July 31, 1970 to members of the Duke PA Program Advisory Council by Dr. Howard, proposing a tentative agenda for the September meeting. The issues or topics to be discussed included a report on the legal study and proposed...
Series of correspondence began by Dr. Walter Bornemeier, President of the AMA, on November 17, 1970 thanking Dr. Stead for opportunity to attend Duke's Third National Conference on PAs and noting Dr. Stead's discontent with AMA's slow progress in...
Cover of the first issue (Vol.1, no. 1) of the official journal of the American Association of Physicians' Assistants published quarterly by Charles B. Slack, Inc., Thorofare, NJ. The aim of the Journal was to "foster good will and unity of...
This certificate dated 2 September 1970 was issued to Charles C. Lewis in recognition of his becoming a charter member of the "Stead Society" at Duke University Medical Center. The PA student organization was founded in 1972. Gary G. Phelps was...
This memorandum dated July 30, 1970 was sent to Dr. Thomas Kinney at Duke University by Dr. Walter Rice, Acting Secretary, Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) requesting Kinney "to serve on the newly created Task Force on Physician's...
Memo and letter sent to D. Robert Howard at Duke University from Jerry Bredouw to Dick Moores following up on earlier correspondence trying to interest Mr. Moores in having Chipper, a character in Gasoline Alley, become a PA. He elaborates on the...
Articles of incorporation of the American Registry of Physicians' Associates, signed by Robinson O. Everett, Martha D. Ballenger and D. Robert Howard on May 26, 1970. The initial Board of Directors included Robert Ewer, MD, University of Texas,...
Dr. Harvey Estes, chair of Dept. of Community and Family Medicine, writes January 19, 1970 to Dr. Barnes Woodhall, Chancellor of Duke University, to request that he send letters of support to the Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Corporation and...
The Ad Hoc Committee report classified physician assistants according to the degree of specialization, level of clinical decision-making (judgment) and length of training. These types "are distinguished primarily by the nature of the service each...
The purpose of this workbook was "to establish a frame of reference for evaluation of emerging health occupations (loosely categorized as 'physician's assistants' within the format of Guidelines for Development of New Health Occupations." The...
This manuscript announces the [Duke University] Department of Community Health Sciences being awarded a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation in order to establish and study a different form of health care delivery to an indigent population...
A bulletin describing the newly established Purser-Marine Physician Assistant Program based in the U.S. Public Health Service Hospital, Staten Island, New York. The bulletin contains the logo of the program and pictures of students in training and...
Announcement of the third annual Duke Conference on Physician's Assistants, held at the Durham Hotel, Durham, NC on November 12 and 13, 1970. Workshops focused upon: legal, education, research and evaluation, administration and application...
Article publicizes the use of physician's assistants to address America's shortage of skilled health personnel based upon a meeting held in Durham, NC on Friday 13th, November, 1970 [i.e., the Third Duke Conference]. The article highlights...
This letter dated February 4, 1970 from Mrs. Ballenger to Dr. Kinney at Duke includes a second draft "of the legislative proposal" being developed by the task force assembled for this purpose. Ms. Ballenger states that "the October Conference...