This case study focuses on the Highland Hospital Records, a highly requested collection of hospital administrative records. During this case study, we outline our institutional considerations as a HIPAA covered entity, how we processed the collection...
Gonzalez-Guarda; Interventions Addressing Systemic Racism in the US: A Scoping Review; MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science Core Collection, and Scopus
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening response to infection that results in significant morbidity and mortality in children. International standardized guidelines have been developed by organizations such as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign to improve...
Background
It is well known that health related social needs (HRSN) impact long-term health outcomes including quality and length of life. Our study sought to examine the relationship between HRSN burden and emergency department (ED) and urgent care...
Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is the most common initial presentation of endometrial cancer. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommends evaluation of PMB with transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) to determine the endometrial...
Summary
Background
The dural puncture epidural technique (DPE) is a modification of the combined spinal epidural technique (CSE). Data comparing the two techniques are limited. We performed this randomised study to compare the quality of labour...
Background and Hypothesis
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process that is typically characterized by significant inflammation and fibrosis, culminating in the formation of a scar. Improper wound healing can lead to complications, including...
Background: Single ventricle disease (SVD) is a subtype of congenital heart disease that frequently requires early staged surgical intervention for survival. It is well known that syndromic causes of SVD are associated with worse outcomes. However, the...
Background: Cartilage damage is challenging to treat due to its limited self-healing capacity caused by its avascular and aneural nature. However, 3D tissue engineering approaches that utilize biomaterials, additives, and cells offer a promising...
Background: The burden of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is growing in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, uptake of diagnostic testing and evidence-based therapy for AMI is suboptimal. We aimed to describe current gaps in evidence-based AMI care in a...
Background
Historically, the burden of myocardial infarction (MI) in sub-Saharan African nations has been limited, mostly due to the overwhelming impact of communicable diseases on early death. However, with improved access to treatment of...
Background: Despite improvements, patients with advanced cancer often do not receive goal-concordant care at the end of life (EOL). Challenges with prognostication contribute to delays ACP conversations and result in more aggressive care, gaps in...
Background: There are numerous risk factors that affect breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality, including, but not limited to, age, race, income, insurance status, reproductive patterns, breast density, and germline genetic mutations. Approximately...
Background
Goals of care (GOC) discussions during advanced serious illness and end-of-life (EOL) care are critical. Institutions are increasingly tracking the frequency and timing of GOC documentation, but large-scale content assessments have been...
Background BRAF mutations are common in melanoma, with more than 50% harboring activating BRAF mutations. Though BRAF inhibitors are highly efficacious for nearly half of patients with this BRAF-mutant melanoma, many developing secondary resistance...
Background: Vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis (VNL) are common causes of vertigo and dizziness. While multiple treatment strategies have been proposed, no established consensus for the optimal way to manage VNL exists. Moreover, no research has...
Background
Long acting injectable (LAI) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has the potential to increase PrEP uptake and adherence. However, the majority of studies investigating opinions about LAI PrEP were theoretical, done prior to its approval. It is...
Background: New childhood cancer diagnoses require timely, multi-specialty care coordination, imposing considerable burdens for families. To better understand these challenges and optimize care delivery, this study aims to 1) track the trajectory of...
Background
A previous exploratory analysis of surveillance data at our large academic medical center identified higher CLABSI rates among non-Hispanic Black patients compared to White patients. In the context of a growing understanding of the...
Background: Human migration patterns have been shown to significantly influence the HIV epidemic. Throughout American history, marginalized populations have demonstrated how migration can function as a liberatory tool, as seen in the 20th century’s...
Background: Current guidelines recommend exploratory laparotomy for pediatric patients with abdominal firearm injuries. Recent research in adults suggests that laparoscopy may be preferable in selected populations. This study compared clinical outcomes...
Objective: This study evaluated predictors of surgical staging with lymphadenectomy (LA) and prescription of adjuvant therapy in a cohort of patients with clinical stage I ovarian cancer.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed surgical...
Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an emerging modality for hyperthermic ablation of brain tumors. Hyperthermia-induced tumor coagulative necrosis may serve as a source of neoantigen for T-cell priming and a subsequent anti-tumor immune...
Background: While hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for hematological malignancies, it is associated with several potential complications. Recent studies have associated beta-blocker (BB) use in critical care...
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is currently a clinical diagnosis characterized by decline in memory and daily cognitive function from baseline. Exploratory studies using optical coherence tomography angiography have reported alterations in...
Background: A primary focus of regenerative medicine is to understand the cellular mechanisms
governing tissue regeneration across various species. Mammals generally possess a restricted
regenerative capacity compared to species like zebrafish or...
Introduction: Orthopedic procedures often require removing bone or pathological tissue, with traditional methods involving instruments like curettes and rongeurs. However, these methods can be time-consuming and lead to increased blood loss. To...
Background: Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Genomic characterization is necessary for diagnosis and treatment decisions, for which the brain is biopsied and can lead to delays in care, morbidity, and mortality. Here, we...
Background: Hypergranulation tissue (HGT) is recognized as a common complication after vaginoplasty, however it is not well represented in the literature. Silver nitrate is a common, first-line treatment for HGT. In this study, we examine silver...
Background:
Deterioration of children's mental health during the pandemic resulted in the declaration of a national emergency. High rates of psychotropic prescribing among children within the foster care system has been a target of federal and state...
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to systematically review complications arising from intramedullary nailing (IMN) of proximal and humeral shaft fractures. This study hypothesized that there would be a low rate of complications and revision...
Background: Pulmonary artery stenosis, neoaortic dilatation, and neoaortic valve insufficiency are among the most frequent complications of the arterial switch operation (ASO) for repair of dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). It remains...
Objectives: Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) in circulating blood represent an attractive cell source for cellularizing engineered valve scaffolds that may function as living valve replacements with durability and growth potential. In other...
Background: Surgery is the standard of care for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) reserved for patients who are not surgical candidates or decline surgery. The role of SBRT for medically operable...
Background: Thoracic aortic pathology most commonly reviewed at our institution includes aortic aneurysms, acute dissection and acute aortitis, all which are associated with distinct histologic and morphologic features. Spatial transcriptomics enables...
Objective:
Compare differences in demographics, comorbidities, and ED visits or hospitalizations in Black versus White AIBD patients evaluated and treated at Duke Dermatology between 2012-2021.
Background:
Previous cross-sectional studies of...
Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition, but little is known about the characteristics of individuals transitioning from acute to chronic states. This transition can significantly reduce quality of life. The BACk Study aims to...
Chart reviews of 36 NSIP patients were conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in Xe MRI membrane high percent (MHP) signal between NSIP patients with severe outcomes vs non-severe outcomes. The results indicate there is a...
This project is a systematic review of Nigerian neurosurgical literature published between 1962-2023 that analyzes the prevalence, management, and outcomes of hydrocephalus in Nigeria with a focus on pediatrics.
A retrospective mid term study that was a continuation of a short term study that looks at the efficacy of proximal endoscopic hamstring repair to assess patient satisfaction and outcomes.
Background: Red blood cells (RBCs), in addition to carrying oxygen, generate and export vasoregulatory mediators as a function of their metabolic context. S- nitrosothiol (SNO) is exported to effect hypoxic vasodilation, a fundamental vascular reflex...
Background: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) does not consider factors extrinsic to the observation of interest, such as concurrent LR-5 observations.
Purpose: To evaluate whether the presence of a concurrent LR-5 observation is...
Background: In infants with neurological symptoms, ischemic stroke and bacterial meningitis are possible. To rule out meningitis, clinicians often perform a lumbar puncture. However, there is minimal research describing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of...
Objective: Previous nontechnical skills simulation curricula in surgery have largely focused on teaching communication skills or empathy in isolation from technical skills, with feedback from one rater perspective. We aimed to develop and pilot an...