Index Catalog // MEDSpace

The Impact of Patient-Centered Medical Homes on Healthcare Outcomes

Description/Abstract:	The American Academy of Pediatrics coined the term “medical home” in 1967 for establishing a single source of care and medical record for children with special health care needs. This phenomenon has expanded across multiple disciplines and more...
Date:	March 2022

James M. Douglas Oral History Interview, 2022

Description/Abstract:	This oral history interview was conducted with Dr. James M. Douglas on February 1, 2022 by Konstantinos Economopoulos as part of the Dr. David Sabiston Oral History Project. During the interview, Douglas discusses his early life; education; why...
Date:	2022-02-01

Don E. Detmer Oral History Interview, 2022

Description/Abstract:	This oral history interview was conducted with Dr. Don E. Detmer on February 2, 2022 by Dr. Konstantinos Economopoulos as part of the Dr. David Sabiston Oral History Project. During the interview, Detmer discusses his early life, education, his...
Date:	2022-02-02

Canine Patient-Derived Organoids as a Model of Tumor Heterogeneity and Drug Sensitivity in Osteosarcoma

Description/Abstract:	Background: The rare and heterogenous nature of osteosarcoma (OSA) has made it difficult to study and limited clinical breakthroughs. Traditional cell culture fails to recreate tumor heterogeneity and murine xenografts take extended time to study....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Prevalence and Economic Burden of Depression and Anxiety Among Singaporean Adults: Results from a Web Panel

Description/Abstract:	Background: Most estimates for the prevalence of depression and anxiety predate COVID-19, which has had a detrimental effect on mental health worldwide. While some literature has been published recently on the rise in prevalence of mental health...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Interneuron transplantation in a mouse organotypic epilepsy model

Description/Abstract:	Background Cortical GABAergic interneurons are generated from one of the proliferative zones in the ventral telecephalon called the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) during embryonic development. These interneurons are important for regulating...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Postoperative Delirium

Description/Abstract:	Background: Up to 40% of older surgical patients develop postoperative delirium (POD) and/or postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)–objective cognitive deficits occurring 1-12 months after surgery. Although POCD and POD are both associated...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Automatic Breast, Fibroglandular Tissue, and Blood Vessel Segmentation in Breast MRI using Convolutional Neural Networks

Description/Abstract:	Background Breast density, or the amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) present relative overall breast volume, has been shown in multiple studies to increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Breast density is typically assessed...
Date:	August 5, 2022

A Machine Learning Model to Improve Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Utility

Description/Abstract:	Since the approval of Ipilimumab in 2011 use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become a mainstay of cancer therapy with the potential to dramatically improve outcomes for even patients with advanced disease. Despite the dramatic potential...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Omnipolar versus Bipolar Electrode Mapping in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Catheter Ablation

Description/Abstract:	Background: Peak-to-peak bipolar voltage varies with electrode orientation, fractionation, and collision events. Novel, omnipolar mapping is less dependent on electrode orientation. While studied in animal models, endocardial omnipolar mapping has...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Optimizing Management of the Central Nervous System in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Description/Abstract:	Optimizing Management of the Central Nervous System in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Background: High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients often undergo allogeneic...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Accelerated Epigenetic Aging is Associated with Multiple Cardiometabolic, Hematologic and Renal Abnormalities: a Project Baseline Health Substudy

Description/Abstract:	Background: Epigenetic clocks estimate chronologic age using methylation levels at specific loci. Accelerated biologic aging, defined as higher epigenetic age compared with chronologic age, is associated with adverse health outcomes and mortality....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Social Determinants of Health Data Capture Within National and Health System Data Sources

Description/Abstract:	Background: Equity in organ transplantation cannot be fully achieved without an understanding of how social determinants of health (SDOH) mediate patient outcomes. Unfortunately, SDOH variables are currently inconsistently collected across...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Racial Differences in Over-the-counter Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use Among Individuals at Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular Events

Description/Abstract:	Background Black Americans are disproportionately affected by adverse cardiovascular events (ACEs). Over-the-counter (OTC) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) confer increased risk for ACEs, yet racial differences in use of these...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Validation of an Ultrabright Multiplexed Nanorattle Assay for SERS Detection of Synthetic Biomarkers of Head and Neck Cancer

Description/Abstract:	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide; though it has a high morbidity and mortality, rapid diagnosis and treatment can often be curative. In low-to-middle-income countries, however, this process...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Improved Outcomes in Severe Primary Graft Dysfunction following Heart Transplantation with Donation After Circulatory Death Compared to Donation After Brain Death

Description/Abstract:	Improved Outcomes in Severe Primary Graft Dysfunction following Heart Transplantation with Donation After Circulatory Death Compared to Donation After Brain Death Authors: Austin Ayer; Lauren K. Truby, MD; Jacob N. Schroder, MD; Sarah...
Date:	August 5, 2022

A percentile approach to refining ECG criteria for screening female athletes for cardiac risk

Description/Abstract:	Objectives: Despite known differences in electrocardiographic (ECG) findings by sex, only empirical thresholds for both sexes exist in current ECG guidelines for screening athletes for risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). We hypothesize that our...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Enterobacter: An Early-Onset Pathogen of Prosthetic Hip and Knee Infections with Poor Prognoses

Description/Abstract:	Background Enterobacter sp. is a gram-negative, often drug-resistant bacillus that is classically identified from mucosal surfaces such as pulmonary or urinary tracts. Despite its virulence, Enterobacter represents a less common pathogen in...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Machine Learning for Improved Size Matching in Lung Transplantation for Restrictive Lung Disease

Description/Abstract:	Background: There is no consensus on optimum graft sizing for lung transplantation in restrictive lung disease (RLD). Matching based on predicted total lung capacity ratios (pTLCdonor:pTLCrecipient, Ratio 1) has been proposed, but pTLC is...
Date:	August 5, 2022

The association between neighborhood quality and cardiovascular risk factors among children with obesity

Description/Abstract:	Background: Socioeconomic and neighborhood factors are associated with large disparities in health including body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular fitness among pediatric populations. We aim to further characterize these associations in a...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Hand grip strength predicts mortality and quality of life in heart failure: Insights from the Singapore Cohort of Patients with Advanced Heart Failure

Description/Abstract:	Background: Frailty is prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with increased mortality and worse patient-centered outcomes. Hand grip strength (GS) has been proposed as a single-item marker of frailty and a potential...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Self-Reported Gastrointestinal Disorders Among Veterans with Gulf War Illness With and Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Description/Abstract:	Background: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic, multi-symptom disorder affecting 25-32% of Gulf War veterans. Veterans with GWI disproportionately suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Given the increasing evidence supporting a gut-brain...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Complement Receptors Mediate Binding of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Immune Complexes to Fc Receptor Bearing Cells

Description/Abstract:	Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a thrombotic disorder caused by antibodies to platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes that activate white blood cells (WBCs) via Fcy receptors (FcyRs). Complement activation by HIT antibodies...
Date:	August 5, 2022

A Novel Exploration of Faculty Development in LICs: A Multi-Institutional Needs Assessment of Inpatient Preceptors

Description/Abstract:	A Novel Exploration of Faculty Development in LICs: A Multi-Institutional Needs Assessment of Inpatient Preceptors Emily Hatheway Marshalla*, Deborah L. Englea, Nancy Barrb, Robyn Latessac, Cecil Robinsond, Grier Stewartd, Poonam Sharmaa aDuke...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Intimate partner violence and contraception among adolescent girls and young women: A longitudinal analysis of the Girl Power-Malawi cohort

Description/Abstract:	Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, sexually active adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and low levels of contraceptive use. The majority of the global health literature has consistently...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Does childhood self-control predict future parenting behaviors? A longitudinal study

Description/Abstract:	Background: Childhood self-control impacts long-term outcomes but is recognized as malleable and thus a focus of interventions. Childhood self-control influences and is influenced by parenting, but there is limited longitudinal research on whether...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Racial/ethnic disparities in dementia incidence, outcomes, and healthcare utilization

Description/Abstract:	Background A large body of literature suggests there are racial disparities in incidence and outcomes for NDD. However, it is not clear what structural factors influence these disparities or how contemporary care patterns differ by race. Our...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Utility of a Rule-Based Algorithm in the Assessment of Adherence to Standardized Reporting in PI-RADS

Description/Abstract:	Background: Adoption of the Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) has been shown to increase detection of clinically significant prostate cancer on prostate mpMRI. We propose that a rule-based algorithm based on Regular...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Prevalence and Nature of Prior Developmental and Medical Concerns in Toddlers Who Fail an Autism Screener in Primary Care

Description/Abstract:	Background: The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) is a frequently used screening questionnaire for autism in children between 18-30 months. However, in 2016, the US Preventive Services Task Force...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Associations between oxygen supplementation and choroid thickness in preterm infants

Description/Abstract:	Title: Associations between oxygen supplementation and choroid thickness in preterm infants Authors: Mason M. Seely BS, Shwetha Mangalesh MBBS, Suzanne M. Michalak MD, Neeru Sarin MD, Joanne Finkle RN, JD, Yineng Chen MS, Gui-Shuang Ying PhD,...
Date:	August 5 2022

RobOCTNet: Robotics and Deep Learning to Detect Referable Posterior Eye Pathology in an Emergency Department Population

Description/Abstract:	Background: It is difficult for emergency department (ED) providers to evaluate the posterior eye with their standard of care tools (e.g., the direct ophthalmoscope). We have previously described a robotically aligned optical coherence tomography...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Inhibition of the sodium potassium ATPase alpha 3 (ATP1A3) pump function alters repolarization time and is proarrhythmic in cardiac myocytes

Description/Abstract:	Background: Inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) class of proteins is arrhythmogenic; however, whether inhibition of the sodium potassium ATPase alpha 3 (ATP1A3), a member of NKA class, is arrhythmogenic is unknown. Recent evidence suggests that...
Date:	August 5, 2022

“More than conquerors”: A qualitative analysis of war metaphors for patients with cancer

Description/Abstract:	Background: Limited research suggests that war metaphors may be harmful for patients with cancer. For instance, it has been claimed that the use of war metaphors is associated with increased anxiety and depression, as well as poor coping for...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Psychosocial Resilience Measurements as Predictors for Postoperative Pain in PRIME-KNEE

Description/Abstract:	Background: Post-operative pain can interfere with healing and recovery and increases the risk of delirium in older patients. This study examines how measures of pre-operative psychosocial reserve, which may be modifiable, relate to pain after...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Peripheral nerve blockade delays mobility and increases length of stay in geriatric hip fracture patients

Description/Abstract:	Title: Peripheral nerve blockade delays mobility and increases length of stay in geriatric hip fracture patients Introduction: Peripheral nerve blockade (PNB) has been increasingly utilized in the care of geriatric hip fracture patients in...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Micro-CT Analysis of Mouse Digit Regeneration Following Conditional Gene Knock-Out

Description/Abstract:	Background: The study of limb and appendage regeneration, which is prevalent in various forms in the animal kingdom, may inform novel strategies for wound healing and regenerative medicine. The first critical step in appendage regeneration is...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Preoperative weight loss and postoperative weight gain independently increase risk for revision after primary total knee arthroplasty

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: The current American Association of Hips and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) guidelines recommend pre-operative weight loss before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2. There is a paucity of evidence...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Racial Disparities in Time to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis

Description/Abstract:	Introduction Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for acute cholecystitis (AC) has been associated with improved outcomes and shorter length of stay (LOS). The objective of this study was to compare time to surgery (TTS) between non-Hispanic...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Factors Associated with Clinician Recommendation for Preeclampsia Prevention using Low Dose Aspirin in Nulliparous Patients

Description/Abstract:	Background: The risk of preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria, can be reduced with low-dose aspirin (LDA). Since 2014, the USPSTF has recommended LDA based on medical and...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Exploring the effects of Complex II inhibition on mTORC1 signaling and cancer cell viability

Description/Abstract:	Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a mitochondrial membrane protein responsible for converting succinate to fumarate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and channeling electrons through oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibition of SDH with...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Coronal Plane Deformity in Total Knee Arthroplasty is Associated with Increased Operative Time and Disposition to Skilled Nursing Facility 

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND Prior studies have demonstrated that long-term Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes are similar in patients with significant versus minimal preoperative coronal plane deformity. Limited short-term outcomes data, which determine...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Brain metastasis as first and only metastatic relapse site portends poor outcomes in patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer

Description/Abstract:	Background In patients (pts) with stable or no extracranial disease (ECD) presenting with breast cancer brain metastases (BCBrMs), current guidelines recommend pts receive local therapy with radiation +/- surgery, without changing systemic...
Date:	August 5, 2022

THRIVE-PD: Transforming Health and Resilience through Interdisciplinary Virtual Engagement in Parkinson Disease

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND Low patient self-efficacy and high caregiver burden are common in Parkinson disease (PD); however, time constraints limit meaningful clinical implementation of holistic care. Interdisciplinary clinics provide an avenue for integrated...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Direct Costs Vary by Outcome in Two-Stage Revision Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Hip Periprosthetic Joint Infection

Description/Abstract:	Background Although two-stage revision arthroplasty is the gold standard for treating chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI), patients may undergo additional surgeries or amputation for persistent infection, or never proceed with the second...
Date:	August 5, 2022

COVID-19 in the Community: Impacts on Women’s Mental Health, Financial Security, and Physical Activity

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: This study describes the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the mental health, financial security, and physical activity levels of women in North Carolina. Methods: Data were collected from women aged 20-40 receiving primary care at...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Influence of Rurality and Health Professional Shortage on Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Melanoma in North Carolina

Description/Abstract:	Background: Approximately 14 to 19% of the United States population resides in rural counties, which face socioeconomic disadvantages, including higher poverty rates, poorer access to healthcare services, and lower rates of educational...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Prostate Cancer Screening for Transgender Women: An Analysis of the MarketScan Database

Description/Abstract:	Purpose: A transgender individual is someone whose gender identity differs from their assigned birth sex or the societal norms of that assigned sex. There are no formal guidelines regarding prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening in transgender...
Date:	August 5, 2022

GSD IX Natural History and Proposal of Novel Liver Disease Severity Score: a multicenter international collaboration helps uncover longitudinal trends in liver disease severity

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: Glycogen storage disease type IX (GSD IX) results from a deficiency of the enzyme phosphorylase kinase (PhK), a key enzyme in glycogenolysis. The clinical spectrum of hepatic GSD IX varies widely with genetic subtype (GSD IX alpha2,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Access to Effective Smoking Cessation Medications in Patients with Medicare, Medicaid and Private Insurance

Description/Abstract:	Background: The seven FDA-approved smoking cessation medications all hold a USPSTF grade A recommendation for smoking cessation. However, data from large meta-analyses show that varenicline and combination nicotine replacement therapy (CNRT;...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Standardizing, Harmonizing, and Protecting Data Collection to Broaden the Impact of COVID-19 Research: The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) Initiative

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND: The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) program is a consortium of community-engaged research projects with the goal of increasing access to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Complications following Volar Locked Plating Repair of Distal Radius Fractures in Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials

Description/Abstract:	Background: Volar locking plates (VLP) have gained popularity for surgical management of distal radius fractures (DRF). Despite the advantages of new plating systems, multiple complications have been recorded in the literature from the use of VLP....
Date:	August 5 2022

Perioperative neurocognitive and CSF Alzheimer’s biomarker trajectories in older patients randomized to Isoflurane or Propofol for Anaesthetic Maintenance

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: Animal studies have shown that isoflurane versus propofol have differential effects on Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathology and memory function, though it is unclear whether these effects occur in humans. Methods: This was a...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Geographic and Socioeconomic Analysis of Pediatric Cancer Care in Tanzania

Description/Abstract:	Background The Tanzanian National Childhood Cancer Network (NCCN) includes eleven hospitals each with individual clinical databases. To determine the geographic variation of presenting patients and potential regional socioeconomic influences, it...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Geospatial Factors Associated with Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in North Carolina

Description/Abstract:	Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a continuing health burden in the United States. There have been numerous risk factors previously associated with SIDS. However, there is a lack of robust, multivariable analyses of independent...
Date:	August 5, 2022

The Importance of Routine Gastric and Duodenal Biopsies on Follow-up Endoscopy for Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Description/Abstract:	Background: Current management protocols for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) call for regular upper endoscopy and histologic reassessment of the esophagus. The benefit of collecting gastric and duodenal biopsies (GDBs) at each follow-up endoscopy...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Care Coordination for Children with Special Health Needs Using Digital Personal Health Records: A Feasibility Study Protocol

Description/Abstract:	Background Digital personal health records (PHR) integrated with electronic health records via Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) are promising care coordination (CC) tools. Over the past five years, we developed and tested a...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Evaluation of the skin transcriptomic profile as a proxy for asthma presence, phenotype, and severity.

Description/Abstract:	Background: Atopic dermatitis and asthma are both manifestations included in the ‘atopic march’ that share a similar Th2-axis driven pathogenesis. However, asthma can be classified based on disease severity and based on several disease subtypes,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Systematic Data Collection in Oral Cleft Care: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Exploration of Cleft Outcomes

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND: Orofacial clefts like cleft lip/palate are among the most common congenital birth defects, affecting 1 out of every 690 liveborn infants, or one baby born in the USA every two hours. Children with orofacial clefts may be functionally...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Quality and utility of patient-submitted store-and-forward teledermatology images: a single-center retrospective study

Description/Abstract:	Importance Patient-submitted images vary considerably in quality and utility. Studies that characterize patient-submitted images in a real-life setting are lacking. Objective To evaluate the quality and utility of patient-submitted images as...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Using machine learning of urodynamics to predict clinical outcomes in patients with spina bifida

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: Urodynamic studies (UDS) play a fundamental role in guiding optimal neurogenic bladder management in patients with spina bifida. UDS findings correlate with the development of adverse urinary outcomes such as renal scarring,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Construct Validity of the Surgical Autonomy Program for the Training of Neurosurgical Residents

Description/Abstract:	Objective: There is no standard way that physicians teach or evaluate surgical residents intraoperatively, and residents are proving to not be fully competent at core surgical procedures upon graduating. The Surgical Autonomy Program (SAP) is a...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Interplay Between Metabolic Biomarkers, Adipose Tissue Depots and Coronary Artery Disease in the PROMISE Clinical Trial

Description/Abstract:	Background. Visceral adipose depots such as hepatic steatosis (HS) and epicardial fat (EAT) have been implicated as markers for CVD. Branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is an important pathway in adiposity and cardiometabolic disease and...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Relevance of Genomic Instability Score, Tumor Mutational Burden, and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes as Biomarkers in Uterine Serous Carcinoma

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: Uterine serous carcinomas (USC) represent 10% of endometrial carcinomas but nearly 40% of deaths. We characterized genomic instability (GIS), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and density of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Bone Marrow T Cell Sequestration: A Novel Mechanism of CNS Immune Privilege and a Potential Therapeutic Target

Description/Abstract:	Title: Bone Marrow T Cell Sequestration: A Novel Mechanism of CNS Immune Privilege and a Potential Therapeutic Target Introduction: Our group recently characterized a phenomenon in intracranial (IC) tumor in which patients and mice have T cell...
Date:	August 5, 2022

ATP as a Vasoactive Mediator in Two Unique Blood Transfusion Settings—Hemorrhagic Shock and Novel Normoglycemic Storage

Description/Abstract:	Background: Blood transfusions are an important part of modern medical care for a broad range of patients. However, blood transfusion is not a benign procedure. During storage, red blood cells (RBCs) accumulate numerous storage lesions—buildup of...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Missed Opportunities for Treatment: Proximity of Static AEDs to Historical Cardiac Arrests in High-Incidence Neighborhoods

Description/Abstract:	Introduction: Survival rates of out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in the United States are around 10%. Survival improves with rapid initiation of CPR and defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED). In North Carolina,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Caregiver Perspectives on Barriers and Facilitators to Timely Well-Child Visits for Black Infants

Description/Abstract:	Background & Objective: Missed infant well-child visits (WCV) result in lost opportunity for critical preventative care. Racial disparities in WCV attendance are widespread and long-standing; in North Carolina, black infants consistently have...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Alpha-Gal Syndrome Prevalence and Potential Implications for Patients Undergoing Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND Patients with alpha-gal syndrome experience an IgE-mediated allergic response to the mammalian cell membrane carbohydrate galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Unlike humans, most mammals, including cows and pigs, express the...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Changes in the Autonomic Nervous System due to Myocardial Infarction Cannot be Explained by Inflammation Alone

Description/Abstract:	Background: Ventricular arrythmias are a leading cause of death in patients who have experienced myocardial infarction (MI). Susceptibility to arrythmia can be attributed to changes in the autonomic nervous system, primarily sympathetic...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Disparities in allocation of cancer research funding based on race-specific disease burden

Description/Abstract:	Background: Black individuals have the highest mortality rate of any racial group for most cancers. While research is vital to reduce cancer-related disparities, distribution of funding may lead to unintended effects of exacerbating inequities....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Understanding Risk Factors for Clostridioides Difficile Diagnoses in High-Risk Hospitalized Pediatric Patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Description/Abstract:	Understanding Risk Factors for Clostridioides Difficile Diagnoses in High-Risk Hospitalized Pediatric Patients undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Atwater, Sierra; Pfeiffer, Trevor; Kalu, Ibukun; Page, Kristin; Lugo, Debra...
Date:	August 5, 2022

The Duke Baerveldt versus Ahmed ClearPath Study (DBACS): A qualitative six-month sub-analysis of a prospective randomized controlled trial

Description/Abstract:	Background: The purpose of this prospective randomized controlled trial is to compare the safety and efficacy of the Baerveldt glaucoma implant (J&J Vision Inc., Santa Ana, CA) to the Ahmed ClearPath (New World Medical Inc., Rancho Cucamonga,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Comparison of Inhaled Drug Delivery in Patients With One- and Two-level Laryngotracheal Stenosis

Description/Abstract:	Background: Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a functionally devastating condition with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. This preliminary study investigates airflow dynamics and stenotic drug delivery in patients with one- and two-level...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Examination of Respiratory Viral Illness in a College Freshman Community: Implementation of Prospective Index-Cluster Sampling Strategy

Description/Abstract:	Background: Viral respiratory illness data collected prior to the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can provide a baseline for detection of lasting changes in respiratory viral illness epidemiology following the pandemic....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Assessment of multi-system involvement in glycogen storage disease type IV: A systematic review and proposal for a novel approach to phenotypic classification

Description/Abstract:	Background: With continued advances in genomic testing, increased use of whole-exome sequencing in the clinical setting is likely to facilitate the identification of patients with rare genetic disorders who would have previously gone undiagnosed....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Relationship between Gender Dysphoria and Social Anxiety in Pediatric Adolescent Transgender Population

Description/Abstract:	There are many terms used to describe gender identity which are often classified into broad umbrellas of “cisgender” versus “transgender.” Transgender indicates a gender identity differing from sex assigned at birth while cisgender refers to a...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Hospital and surgeon competition and its association with disclosure of payments for major joint arthroplasty

Description/Abstract:	Objective: We examined the impact of market competition and surgeon availability on hospital price disclosure for total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Background: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) price transparency rule aims to...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Impact of Ventricular Dominance on Outcomes after Fontan Palliation: A 25-year Analysis from a Single Institution

Description/Abstract:	Objectives: Right ventricular dominance (RVD) is a known risk factor for mortality in patients with single ventricle heart defects undergoing neonatal repair. However, the long-term impact of RVD on patients surviving to Fontan palliation remains...
Date:	August 5, 2022

The Interplay between Hospital Closures and Community Assets in Rural America

Description/Abstract:	Background: Despite greater than average need, rural Americans face additional obstacles to accessing health care. Since 2005, over 180 rural hospitals have closed across the United States and nearly 800 rural hospitals remain at high risk of...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Associations between the COVID-19 pandemic, stage distribution at diagnosis, and radical hysterectomy case volume for treatment of cervical cancer

Description/Abstract:	Background: Radical hysterectomy is the standard of care treatment for early-stage cervical cancer, making it a mandatory skill for a gynecologic oncologist. High surgical case volume is important both for fellowship training and patient outcomes....
Date:	August 5, 2022

Treating opioid use disorder in primary care: A cross-sectional survey and brief intervention

Description/Abstract:	Background: It is unclear what impact the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ policy change removing the buprenorphine waiver training requirement had on buprenorphine prescribing in primary care. We assessed attitudes, practices, and...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Targeting precursor N-Cadherin to eliminate chemo-resistant breast cancer cells.

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND Our laboratory is focused on identifying molecular markers of chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We previously reported that Pro-N-cadherin (PNC) is abnormally expressed on the surface of TNBC cells and drives...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Malignant Bowel Obstruction in Gynecologic Malignancies: Prognosis and Patient-Centered Management

Description/Abstract:	Background: Patients with gynecologic cancers and malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) have poor prognoses and quality of life. The Henry score was developed in a gastrointestinal cancer- predominant population to predict 30-day mortality and...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Modeling Retinal Representations and Transformations to Naturalistic Flow Stimuli

Description/Abstract:	Modeling retinal representations and transformations to naturalistic flow stimuli Jay Rathinavelu, Luciano Dyballa, Andra M. Rudzite, Steven W. Zucker, Michael P. Stryker, Greg D. Field Background: For much of retinal experimentation testing...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Racial and ethnic disparities in clinical outcomes after immunotherapy for treatment of melanoma

Description/Abstract:	Background Within the past decade, there have been major advancements in immunotherapy treatment options for melanoma. While disparities in the utilization of immunotherapy for the treatment of melanoma have been documented in the published...
Date:	August 5, 2022

The Meniscus Cell Phenotype: Inner, Outer, and Comparison to Cartilage and Monolayer Cultured Cells

Description/Abstract:	The meniscus is a fibrocartilaginous disc located within the knee joint, essential for knee homeostasis and biomechanics. Meniscal injuries are common, and while surgical techniques have improved, there is a need for alternative therapeutics to...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Stability of the Oral Microbiome in Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Predictor of Mortality and Poor Outcomes

Description/Abstract:	Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment for hematologic malignancies that can be potentially curative. 1,2 Patients receive a conditioning regimen with total body irradiation (TBI) and/or chemotherapy...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Comparison of patients evaluated for pediatric autoimmune encephalitis with typical and atypical premorbid neuropsychiatric development

Description/Abstract:	BACKGROUND: Patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), including those with developmental delay, autism, and childhood-onset psychiatric and seizure disorders, increasingly seek evaluation of new or exacerbated symptoms concerning for...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Survival Outcomes in Patients Following Locoregional Treatment for DCIS: Analysis of the NCDB DCIS Special Study Cohort

Description/Abstract:	Background/Objective Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a preinvasive diagnosis for which breast conserving surgery (BCS), breast conserving surgery with adjuvant radiation (BCS+RT), and mastectomy are all approved to be guideline-concordant...
Date:	August 5, 2022

CD8 T Cells Licensed with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Kill Murine Tumors Lacking MHC-I

Description/Abstract:	Background Glioblastoma (GBM) has thus far responded poorly to immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The traditional paradigm has been that ICB mediates tumor cell killing by increasing the effector function and survival...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Longitudinal assessment of choroidal vascularity index in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion

Description/Abstract:	Objective: To assess the relationship between choroidal vascularity index (CVI), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and central subfield thickness (CST) in treatment-naïve eyes with cystoid macular edema (CME) due to branch retinal vein...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Differentiation of Fibroepithelial Lesions including Fibroadenomas and Phyllodes Tumors: A Multifaceted Predictive Model

Description/Abstract:	Background: Fibroepithelial tumors of the breast are a group of biologically heterogeneous biphasic neoplasms that exist on a spectrum from benign fibroadenomas (FA) to malignant phyllodes tumors (PT). Given differences in biological behavior...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Neuromyelitis Optica: Clinical Course and Potential Prognostic Indicators

Description/Abstract:	Background Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder commonly presenting with positive serum aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody titers. NMO has been thought to follow a progressive disease course, with step-wise accumulation...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival Outcomes of Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer

Description/Abstract:	Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival Outcomes of Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Authors: Marguerite M. Rooney, BS; Samantha M. Thomas, MS; Tomi Akinyemiju, PhD; Sarah Sammons, MD; Laura Noteware, BS; Laura H. Rosenberger, MD, MS;...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Morphological influences on wall shear stress distribution in aortic coarctation

Description/Abstract:	Background Coarctation of the aorta is one of the most common congenital heart diseases, representing X% of CHD births. Coarctation refers to an abnormal narrowing of the aorta, most commonly in the descending portion or distal arch. Patients...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Black Youth Suicide Prevention: A Call to Action for the North Carolina-Psychiatric Access Line

Description/Abstract:	Problem: Black youth suicide rates are rising more rapidly than any other same-age racial or ethnic group. Black children, ages 5-12, are nearly twice as likely to die by suicide in comparison to their White counterparts. In Black high schoolers,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Real world dermatology: Evaluating the safety of combination laser procedures in a single clinic session

Description/Abstract:	Background: Studies show it is safe to have multiple sessions of single laser treatment over an appropriate period of time, which allows for the skin to heal between treatments. Waiting to have several sessions may not be realistic for every...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Utilization and Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Following Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States

Description/Abstract:	Background/Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may lead to severe hypoxic respiratory failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Little is known about the utilization and outcomes of ECMO following TBI. We aim to: 1)...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Prenatal Care Among Birthing Individuals with History of Preterm Birth in the Pre- and Post-COVID Era

Description/Abstract:	Background: The COVID pandemic has led to decreased care utilization in the general obstetric population. Timely initiation of prenatal care is especially important for patients with high-risk pregnancies, such as a history of preterm birth. Such...
Date:	August 5, 2022

Improving Equity and Value of Peripheral Artery Disease Care at a Population Level

Description/Abstract:	Background. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects over 8.5 million Americans who are at increased risk of adverse outcomes including myocardial infarction, stroke, limb amputation, and death. Despite its prevalence, PAD remains underdiagnosed,...
Date:	August 5, 2022

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