Background:
Robeson County is a rural community in North Carolina with the lowest life expectancy in North Carolina. While many risk factors contribute to these poor health outcomes, there is limited data on the comorbidities and outcomes...
Background: Malnutrition is a significant driver of mortality in cancer patients – with estimates that between 10-20% of cancer patients die due to the consequences of malnutrition rather than due to the tumor itself. Patients with head and neck...
Background: In patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), early risk stratification is essential in order to determine effective therapeutic management. Right ventricle to left ventricle (RV/LV) ratio measurement is a strong predictor of...
Background: Laboratory rats are used as the standard animal model for studying liver transplantation (LT) due to their size facilitating microsurgery and easy handling, genome similarity to humans, and post-LT immune responses being similar to...
Background
A previous exploratory analysis of surveillance data at our large academic medical center identified higher CLABSI rates among non-Hispanic Black patients compared to White patients. In the context of a growing understanding of the...
Objective:
Cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is associated with increased risk of post-partum hemorrhage and severe maternal morbidity (SMM). The current literature lacks large multicenter studies of cesarean hysterectomy...
Objectives: Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) in circulating blood represent an attractive cell source for cellularizing engineered valve scaffolds that may function as living valve replacements with durability and growth potential. In...
Background
Goals of care (GOC) discussions during advanced serious illness and end-of-life (EOL) care are critical. Institutions are increasingly tracking the frequency and timing of GOC documentation, but large-scale content assessments have...
Background
The state hospital at Goldsboro opened in 1880 as North Carolina’s first institution to serve the Black mentally ill, and was the second such institution to open in the American South. And while there is a growing historiography on...
Background: Vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis (VNL) are common causes of vertigo and dizziness. While multiple treatment strategies have been proposed, no established consensus for the optimal way to manage VNL exists. Moreover, no research...
Background: While exercising underwater, divers experience increased ventilatory load which can predispose them to respiratory muscle fatigue and hypercapnia. Hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) is a highly variable measure of the...
Objective: This study evaluated predictors of surgical staging with lymphadenectomy (LA) and prescription of adjuvant therapy in a cohort of patients with clinical stage I ovarian cancer.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed...
Background: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) does not consider factors extrinsic to the observation of interest, such as concurrent LR-5 observations.
Purpose: To evaluate whether the presence of a concurrent LR-5...
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in elderly patients with proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) who underwent early RTSA versus those who underwent delayed RTSA.
METHODS: A...
Background: Hypergranulation tissue (HGT) is recognized as a common complication after vaginoplasty, however it is not well represented in the literature. Silver nitrate is a common, first-line treatment for HGT. In this study, we examine silver...
Background. Food insecurity is associated with increased adiposity, obesity-related comorbidities, and lower socioeconomic status. Body composition is commonly measured by bioelectrical impedance; however, artificial intelligence now allows for...
Background: Chronic lower back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability and economic burden worldwide. Despite numerous treatment modalities, patient outcomes remain poor. Identifying the correct treatment for a given patient remains presenting...
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, like those used in diabetic retinopathy screening, require large amounts of data to train. Models for diseases with limited public data like microbial keratitis (MK), a top five cause of blindness...
Background: Clinically significant depressive disturbances occur in 40-50% of patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and often precede the onset of any measurable motor symptoms. Cross-sectional studies indicate a majority of those affected...
Background: Pulmonary artery stenosis, neoaortic dilatation, and neoaortic valve insufficiency are among the most frequent complications of the arterial switch operation (ASO) for repair of dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). It...
Background and Hypothesis
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process that is typically characterized by significant inflammation and fibrosis, culminating in the formation of a scar. Improper wound healing can lead to complications, including...
BACKGROUND: Slings with abduction pillows are used by surgeons in the postoperative rehabilitation protocol for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR); however, there is a lack of evidence demonstrating superior outcomes. The purpose of this...
Introduction: We assessed adherence to ACOG guidelines for antihypertensive medication initiation or titration among pregnant chronic hypertensive patients with blood pressure (BP) > 140/90 and patient characteristics associated with...
Background BRAF mutations are common in melanoma, with more than 50% harboring activating BRAF mutations. Though BRAF inhibitors are highly efficacious for nearly half of patients with this BRAF-mutant melanoma, many developing secondary...
Background: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of p-tau181 have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The retina and vitreous have shown measurable quantities of phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181). The aqueous humor, which can be...
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to systematically review complications arising from intramedullary nailing (IMN) of proximal and humeral shaft fractures. This study hypothesized that there would be a low rate of complications and...
Background: Sarcoidosis is a multi-system inflammatory disease characterized by noncaseating granulomas, for which the current mainstay of treatment is steroids and/or other immunosuppressing agents. There is a need to better understand the...
Background: Human migration patterns have been shown to significantly influence the HIV epidemic. Throughout American history, marginalized populations have demonstrated how migration can function as a liberatory tool, as seen in the 20th...
Background: Despite improvements, patients with advanced cancer often do not receive goal-concordant care at the end of life (EOL). Challenges with prognostication contribute to delays ACP conversations and result in more aggressive care, gaps in...
Background: Results from computed tomography (CT) in leveled pediatric trauma patients can provide data critical for clinical decision-making. However, in this radio-sensitive population, significant opportunity exists to reduce healthcare waste...
Background: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a potentially vision-threatening malignancy and may be difficult to diagnose as it often appears similar to other lesions such as pterygium and pingueculae. Ocular surface images are easy to...
Background: A primary focus of regenerative medicine is to understand the cellular mechanisms
governing tissue regeneration across various species. Mammals generally possess a restricted
regenerative capacity compared to species like zebrafish...
Background: Race, sex, and age have been shown to influence disparities in work relative value units (wRVUs) generated during adult dermatology encounters.1 Our study investigates whether similar influences exist in pediatric dermatology visits....
Background: The utility of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in older patients remains controversial. Advancements in HER2-directed therapy have revolutionized disease response rates and prognosis, supporting efforts to reevaluate the utility of...
Background: Most breast reconstructions following mastectomy utilize a two-stage tissue expander (TE) to implant approach. Prior studies on both prepectoral and subpectoral breast reconstructions have identified formulas for predicting final...
Background: Thoracic aortic pathology most commonly reviewed at our institution includes aortic aneurysms, acute dissection and acute aortitis, all which are associated with distinct histologic and morphologic features. Spatial transcriptomics...
Introduction: Orthopedic procedures often require removing bone or pathological tissue, with traditional methods involving instruments like curettes and rongeurs. However, these methods can be time-consuming and lead to increased blood loss. To...
Background: The 21st Century Cures Act provides patients with access to their clinical notes, but most patients, particularly those with limited health literacy (HL), have difficulty understanding and utilizing them for health-based decisions and...
Purpose
To determine the impact of race, socioeconomic deprivation, and insurance status on imaging surveillance adherence in a 5-year period after index diagnosis and surgical resection of a bone or soft tissue sarcoma at a single, large...
Introduction: A low level of social connectedness is a risk factor and a warning sign for suicide, and it is particularly relevant to understanding suicide in veteran populations. Data from psychological autopsies may provide insights into changes...
Background: This study identified demographic factors and other characteristics of people experiencing homelessness (PEH) associated with an increased likelihood of being rehoused upon discharge from a transitional care program. Despite...
Background: Outcomes research in cleft palate care is limited by small sample size, longitudinal care, numerous phenotypic variations, and the lack of a well-established learning health system. The objective of this study is to conduct a critical...
Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disease associated with inflammatory pulmonary diseases. However, it is unclear whether psoriasis patients are at increased risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, the...
Background: Hispanic patients exhibit a wide range of skin colors and represent one of the fastest growing populations in the United States. However, most cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) treatment and follow-up guidelines are based on...
INTRODUCTION
The 5-factor modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) is a concise and effective tool for predicting adverse events after orthopedic operations. However, no studies have assessed its utility in patients undergoing open reduction and internal...
Background: The burden of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is growing in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, uptake of diagnostic testing and evidence-based therapy for AMI is suboptimal. We aimed to describe current gaps in evidence-based AMI care...
Background: Surgery is the standard of care for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) reserved for patients who are not surgical candidates or decline surgery. The role of SBRT for medically...
Background: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) have approximately double the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to those without HIV. Despite Tanzania’s impressive strides in expanding access to HIV testing, one in five PLWH in Tanzania are...
Objective.
Interventional Radiologists’ involvement in percutaneous osseous interventions is increasing, however, postprocedural instructions related to weightbearing are often not given. The purpose of this study was to describe the implications...
BACKGROUND: The impact of social drivers of health (SDOH) on readmissions and costs after Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is poorly understood. Policies such as the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) have...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of surgical case sequencing on patient flow delays considering downstream hospital resources.
BACKGROUND: Operating Rooms (OR) are often constrained by downstream resources, which affect patient flow and surgeon...
Background: This study describes the illness burden in the first year of life for children with single-ventricle heart disease, using the metric of days alive and out of hospital to characterize morbidity and mortality.
Methods: This is a...
One-fifth of US adults experience chronic pain, which is associated with increased tobacco and cannabis use. While bidirectional relationships between tobacco and pain have been demonstrated, pathways between pain, cannabis use, and co-use of...
Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an emerging modality for hyperthermic ablation of brain tumors. Hyperthermia-induced tumor coagulative necrosis may serve as a source of neoantigen for T-cell priming and a subsequent anti-tumor immune...
Introduction: Efforts to expand the lung transplant (LTx) donor pool have led to increased use of lungs from donors after circulatory death (DCD), with evidence demonstrating outcomes comparable to those from donors after brain death (DBD)....
Background: While caregiver coaching can teach caregivers early intervention strategies that they can use with their young autistic child during everyday activities, there is limited access to caregiver coaching in low-resource, culturally and...
Background: Cartilage damage is challenging to treat due to its limited self-healing capacity caused by its avascular and aneural nature. However, 3D tissue engineering approaches that utilize biomaterials, additives, and cells offer a promising...
Background
Differences in the rates of deep brain stimulation (DBS) based on socioeconomic and demographic variables have been investigated for indications such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and epilepsy. Descriptive studies analyzing...
ABSTRACT
Background: Osteocutaneous fibula free flaps (FFFs) are a fundamental component of reconstructive surgery in the head and neck region, particularly following traumatic injuries or oncologic resections. Despite their utility, FFFs are...
Background: There are numerous risk factors that affect breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality, including, but not limited to, age, race, income, insurance status, reproductive patterns, breast density, and germline genetic mutations....
Background:
Deterioration of children's mental health during the pandemic resulted in the declaration of a national emergency. High rates of psychotropic prescribing among children within the foster care system has been a target of federal and...
Hypothesis:
We sought to evaluate whether surgical excision of major peripheral nerve neuromas (MPN) would reduce the use of opioids in patients with preoperative opioid use. Secondarily, we sought to determine whether additional surgical...
Evaluation of pain often relies on subjective patient reported outcomes (PROs) such as the Brief Pain Inventory. Supplementing such measures with objective endpoints can provide a deeper assessment of acute and chronic pain. In the present study,...
Objective:
Compare differences in demographics, comorbidities, and ED visits or hospitalizations in Black versus White AIBD patients evaluated and treated at Duke Dermatology between 2012-2021.
Background:
Previous cross-sectional studies...
Background: Targeted immunotherapies are needed in inflammatory ocular surface diseases as an alternative to the blanket immunosuppression of steroids, which can cause a host of undesirable side-effects. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes...
Background: Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Genomic characterization is necessary for diagnosis and treatment decisions, for which the brain is biopsied and can lead to delays in care, morbidity, and mortality. Here, we...
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is currently a clinical diagnosis characterized by decline in memory and daily cognitive function from baseline. Exploratory studies using optical coherence tomography angiography have reported...
Caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, Chagas disease is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world and poses a significant burden to the estimated eight million people living with disease. As primary infection is largely...
Traumatic etiology is implicated in up to 12% of the cases of osteoarthritis in the United States. This type of arthritis, termed post traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), has been proposed to be mediated in part through an imbalance in inflammatory...
Thursday & Friday, August 1st and 2nd
Student Poster Presentations: Thursday, August 1st • 5:00 pm – 7:00 pm
Main Session: Friday, August 2nd • 8:00 am − 12:00 pm and <b>Note:</b> <i>Please log in to view content in...
Background: Glenoid bone loss remains one of the most significant risk factors for recurrent instability following surgical management of glenohumeral instability. Controversy exists regarding the optimal procedure for reconstructing glenoid bone...
The Medical Center Library maintains a small collection of medical instruments and other artifacts related to medicine and health care. The collection has items of historical significance to Duke as well. A neurosurgical stereotactic equipment...
The Duke University Medical Center Library Stereotactic Museum was established to preserve the stereotactic instruments that significantly impacted the field of neurosurgery. The collection is largely due to the generosity of Drs. Robert...
The oral history program of the Duke University Medical Center Archives exists to capture the medical center's history in the words of the people who have witnessed or participated in that history. The interviews consist of relevant memories from...